World War II in the Pacific - 739 Words

Notes for Research Project (World War II in the Pacific) †¢ â€Å"Japanese expansion in East Asia began in 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria and continued in 1937 with a brutal attack on China. On September 27, 1940 Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, thus entering the military alliance known as the ‘Axis’† (Holocaust Encyclopedia 1). Also gained â€Å"from the Philippines to Burma to the Aleutians to the Solomon’s† (Pacific Theatre 1). †¢ â€Å"Seeking to curb Japanese aggression and a withdrawal of Japanese forces from Manchuria and China, the United States imposed economic sanctions on Japan. Faced with severe shortages of oil and other natural resources and driven by the ambition to displace the United States as the dominant†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Saipan June 1944 US invades Saipan (Part of Mariana Islands). Airfields on Saipan would allow B-29’s to reach Japan. Heavy Losses on both sides out of 30,000 Japanese only around 1,000 survived, (PBS 1). This also marked the start of high rates of civilian suicides when the US conquers Japanese territory. â€Å"Loss of Saipan precipitated a political crisis in Tokyo and brought about the Tojo Cabinet† (Pacific Theatre 1). †¢ Battle of Leyte: Island off of the Philippines used to reach the Philippines, US destroyed Japanese Navy and they became very weak- Kamikaze attacks began â€Å"US sailors first witnessed the kamikaze attacks that would become commonplace five months later in the battle of Okinawa. As many as sixty-five thousand Japanese soldiers died defending Leyte. More than 15,000 Americans were killed or wounded† (PBS 1). †¢ January to March 1945-Phillippines Campaign- largest army sent by US for any single battle. 287,000 Japanese were defending the main island (Luzon), 38,000 killed or wounded,(PBS 1). Japanese were ‘defeated’ after two months but they would attack throughout the whole war in the Jungles and mountains 400,000 Japanese lives lost in the battle.(PBS 1). †¢ Iwo Jima: Important to US because if we captured the airstrips then Bombers could reach mainland Japan, 21,000 Japanese defenders (PBS 1). Took over a monthShow MoreRelatedPacific Theatre in World War II2469 Words   |  10 PagesStates’ Involvement in the Pacific Theatre during World War II On 1 September 1939 the country of Germany led by Adolf Hitler invaded Poland using blitzkrieg tactics or in other words â€Å"lightning war†. As Germany is capturing Europe one country at a time Japan is doing the same except with Asia and Japan is also preparing for the attack of the United States naval base on the island of Oahu called Pearl Harbor. The attack on Pearl Harbor caused the United States to declare war on Japan, break isolationismRead MoreThe Pacific Theater Of World War II1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pacific Theater of World War II ended on September 2, 1945, known as Victory over Japan Day or V-J Day, less than a month after the United States dropped an atomic bomb Hiroshima. The two atomic bombs dropped on Japan are widely seen as the events that eventually broke the enemy’s will to resist and caused Japan to surrender; however this outcome could not have taken place without numerous innovations that took place in the interwar period. Without one o f these innovations, it is likely thatRead MoreThe Pacific Campaign Of World War II1753 Words   |  8 PagesThe Pacific Campaign of World War II showed an uncommon test for the United States. The Americans were successful for some reasons including the commitment of US General Douglas MacArthur and the Australian s effect on the war. Numerous Successful attributes identified with the war were the Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Battle of Midway and The Battle of Coral Sea. The Pacific Campaign for the US was initiated after the bombing of Pearl Harbour which was done by the Japanese forcesRead MoreThe Pacific Theater Of World War II1751 Words   |  8 PagesThe Pacific Theater of World War II saw some of the most destructive and deadly battles in the history of the United States. Many of these battles played out over the course of several days and involved countless casualties from both American and Japanese forces. The Battle of the Philippine Sea is one such battle t hat marks a major win for the United States in the Pacific. The battle, which took place during June of 1944, took out most of the enemy’s carrier-based planes, along with their pilotsRead More World War II: Pearl Harbor The Pacific War Essay2503 Words   |  11 Pagescontinual disorder encompassed the people across the globe in the years prior to the declaration of war between the Axis and Allied powers in 1939. The Great Depression that had struck soon after the First World War left much of the world unemployed and desperate for relief. Nationalism swept through Germany in response to the terms of the Versailles Treaty that ended World War I. China and Japan had been at war since Japanese troops invaded Manchuria in 1931. Germany, Italy, and Japan began multiple invasionsRead MoreWorld War Ii - Conflic in the Pacific and East Asia5167 Words   |  21 PagesTHE WAR IN THE PACIFIC AND EAST ASIA: JAPAN ON THE OFFENSIVE: 1941-42 When the nations of Western Europe became embroiled in World War II, Japan began to expand into the Southeast Asian colonies of the European powers. After the United States retaliated with economic sanctions, Japan planned a concerted attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbour, Hawaii, and other Pacific and Asian targets. For a time Japan was masterRead More World War II: Pacific Theater Overview and Japanese Cruelty Essay2171 Words   |  9 PagesWorld War II: Pacific Theater Overview and Japanese Cruelty Starting in the early 1930’s, the Japanese began to display their great imperialistic dreams with ambition and aggression. Their goal was to create a Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere where they controlled a vast empire in the western Pacific.1 In September of 1939, Japan signed the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis Treaty, allying themselves with Germany and Italy in an effort to safeguard their interests in China from the Soviet UnionRead MoreThe Battle Of Milne Bay2224 Words   |  9 PagesDuring World War Two, Australian involvement in battles such as Milne Bay, in the Pacific theatre during 1942, contributed significantly to the course of the War. intro The Battle of Milne Bay was fought from August 25 to September 7 and was one of the most vital land battles protecting the Australian land mass from the Japanese that Australians have ever conducted. Milne Bay is located on the eastern tail of New Guinea. In May 1942, this area became of interest to senior Allied officers, when GeneralRead MoreBattle of Guadalcanal 721 Words   |  3 PagesSome of the bloodiest fight of World War II came in the Pacific. Much of that fighting came at the Battle of Guadalcanal. A remote island in the Solomons Island chain, Guadalcanal was not thought of as important, prior to 1942. For several reasons, Guadalcanal was the most significant battle of the war in the Pacific. The Battle of Guadalcanal was the first offensive the United States took in World War II. Because of its location, Guadalcanal pushed back the Japanese defensive ring, and putRead MoreThe Battle Of Midway During World War II1285 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Battle of Midway was a critical turning point of the war in the Pacific during World War II. Attribution to American success is in direct relation to their ability to conduct signal collection and crypto-analysis leading to the battle. The elimination of this capability from consideration during the preparation for this battle will drastically influence the outcome. Through critical reasoning and battle analysis, this paper will determine the level of effect of the capability

The Orion String Quartet and Nash Ensemble A Concert...

â€Å"Mozart for Four Mozart: String Quartet in F Major, K 590 Mozart: Piano Quartet No. 1 in G Minor, K 478 Performed by the Orion String Quartet and the Nash Ensemble† (gardnermuseum.org) For the purposes of this assignment I choose this particular concert because I find Mozart’s music to be intellectual and engaging, requiring deep concentration and an open mind to be able the comprehend the depth of his musical visions. In this paper a will attempt to explore the qualities I like and dislike in the pieces presented in this concert and endeavor to analyze the â€Å"Piano Quartet No. 1 in G Minor, K 478†. I thoroughly enjoyed this concert from beginning to end. The opening piece, â€Å"String Quartet in F Major, K 590†, was both soothing and†¦show more content†¦He is not afraid to bring a note of disquiet or to bring emotion, however slight to the music he creates. This work is a classic example of the string quartets of the time bringing to life the violin, viola and cello in a gripping way. This piece is a work from Mozart’s later years and wa s written with King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia in mind. In the second piece in the concert, Mozart show us the depths that the piano can bring to music by composing complex movements that were thought, at the time, to be too difficult for the average listener to understand. This piece is a good representation of chamber music; a genre for intimate setting that can focus on a few as two performers up to as many as nine. Mozart produced many pieces fort h piano, but this one brings complexity and depth to the listener and opens the doors to a new vision of what this composer can create. During the opening movement, the piano and the violin duel with each other for dominance each with its own motive. Then the two melodies seem to find a more even balance with each other. Toward to end of the movement the two start to battle again bringing a degree of energy and drama to the composition. The second movement is a bit lighter with a cherry piano melody that is interesting counterpoint to the violins more passionate feel. The other instruments add depth and texture to the movements but seem to be merely an afterthought in the music. The piano solo in the

Psychiatric Treatment and Service Delivery

Question: Discuss about the Psychiatric Treatment and Service Delivery. Answer: Deinstitutionalization has had a major effect on the mental health system ranging from the agency, the client and the counselor. People with severe mental health illnesses have experienced challenges in learning to live in their community setting. Community mental health stakeholders are therefore obliged to come into action and address these specific needs. Thus this requires an entire change in service delivery. This paper will examine the challenges and the dynamics which are peculiar to the process of deinstitutionalization then discuss the implementation of the Recovery Framework and analyze the impact it causes to the lives of people with mental disorders. Analysis of the pre- deinstitutionalization period of psychiatric health in Australia Before deinstitutionalization, traditional hospitals which were run by the government provided the first facilities for treatment of people with severe mental illness (SMI). Individuals who suffered from SMI were isolated from the community setting. Public attitude toward persons with mental illness was one cause of this isolation. Other reasons were the lack of resources at the community level and a belief that the mentally ill could only get help while in such isolations. People who suffered from mental ill health were put in iron cages in ships and others in jails together with convicts. This place seemed as entirely exiled world because it was remote and anomalous. The increase in population saw the emergence of many such institutions in Australia (Hambridge, 2014). Overcrowding, isolation from families and disease outbreaks were just a few of the challenges that faced the mentally ill. Comparison shows that institutionalization approach too had its challenges. One of the apparent problems was the lack of hope that the patients would recover from their conditions. Institutions worked as warehouses where the patients stayed for many years with the slight expectation that they would improve after treatment. A move towards deinstitutionalization picked up energy by the availability of labor, rejuvenated clinical optimism and varying social attitudes. However, this move seemed to be driven by political and economic imperatives while responding to inquiries, scandals and the bureaucracy in the government to allocate money to improve mental health facilities. General mental hospitals were established as opposed to traditional hospitals in pre-deinstitutionalization which changed the absorption of the effort with the patients suffering from SMI from the psychiatric health services (Provan, 2015). Before deinstitutionalization, hospitals mismanaged funds meant for treatment of the mentally ill and channeled them to favor academic interests or other subsequent referral programs. Deinstitutionalization and the implementation of Recovery Framework Australia has therefore come up with a considerable personal health sector which is generally funded by the contributions from taxes through Health Insurance Commission. Consequently, this has promoted a significant growth in the provision of psychiatric services with the aim of dealing with mental sicknesses and the rising requirement for psychiatric help (Roberts, 2016).The establishment of Australian Assistance Plan only offered general rather than specialized treatment of mental illnesses. A study conducted showed that there is neglection to offer services to persons and families living with a psychological disease. Therefore, there is need to transfer the resources to places where most of these victims dwell. Establishment of 24-hour mobile mental health services is better compared to the hospital-centered care. This helped in prioritizing the requirements of people with SMI on an involuntary basis if it deemed necessary. The Australian government passed the National Mental Health Policy which is applicable in all states by providing transnational funding from the institutions to the local communities. The National Health Recovery Framework provides a central policy direction to improve and enhance psychiatric healthiness service delivery in Australia. It encompasses a broad collection of healing approaches developed for Australian states and draws on local and foreign research to give an understanding and approach to recovery in practice of mental health and service delivery. It supplements the existing proficiency frameworks and professional standards at state and national level (Rosen, 2014).It also supports attitudinal a cultural variations and calls for an essential check of mixed skills within the labor force of the mental health services. All employees should abide by this framework regardless of their seniority or profession. Additionally, this structure defines the domains of practice and the necessary capabilities which are useful for mental health workforce. It gives guidance on pushing the revitalization approaches to take into account the range of individuals with psychiatric issues. The recovery framework must involve broad consultation and research which is conversant with lived experience. This structure consists of two credentials: 1.The report named; a national recovery structure for psychiatric strength services; Guide for the doctors and the service providers. This document offers regulation to psychological health professionals in their service delivery (Whiteford, 2014) 2.A cohort report of theory and policy which gives setting on the study and policy formulation (Whiteford, 2014). The federal government of Australia has made a significant investment in the improvement of service delivery to address psychosocial needs of the people experiencing mental disorders. This structure has considerably benefited from this investment. Application of this framework contributes to improved mental health as people get support in new ways to lead providing fulfilling lives. In recognizing that consumer or customer experience is a fundamental part of booming healing and recuperation, the set of guidelines of improvement calls for self-determination grilled within legal necessities and responsibility of concern (Tolbert, 2013). Services should, therefore, be aligned to ensure: maximizing of choice, promotion of safety and the dignity of risk. Therefore, this calls for efforts to minimize seclusion, coercion, and restraint. All state legislations which regulate health provision emphasize the advantage of working collectively with the patient irrespective of whether they are receiving their treatment voluntary or involuntary. This builds the consumer experience and confidence about the service delivery. The key to adoption of the recovery-oriented framework in health services is crucial in helping people to get the best combination of survives, supports and treatments which match their interests (Whiteford, 2014). Consumer expectations in mental health care arise because individuals are asked to spend more of their money on services that they find convenient. The mental health reform injects fresh way of conducting the business in telemedicine, mobile clinics, and the social media. In conclusion, there has been a concern that although the reforms in psychiatric health in Australia head in the right direction, the significance of these reforms is fading away. Australia still lags behind regarding government allocation of resources to cater for psychiatric treatment. Deinstitutionalization in Australia is incomplete and half-hearted; that is there is no allocation of real investment in this sector. There is the need for an independent commission to examine reforms, to close the gap in service delivery and to directly forward mental treatment needs to the state government. The expenditure in mental health provision barely exceeds the growth of spending in general health services. References Hambridge, J. A., Rosen, A. (2014). Assertive Community Treatment for the Seriously Mentally Ill in Suburban Sydney: A Programme Description and Evaluation. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 28(3), 438-445.doi: 10.3109/00048679409075871 Healey, J. (2009). Mental health. Rozelle, N.S.W.: Spinney Press Hoult, J., Rosen, A., Reynolds, I. (2011). Community orientated treatment compared to psychiatric hospital orientated treatment. Social Science Medicine, 18(11), 1005-1010. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(84)90272-7. Newton, L., Rosen, A., Tennant, C., Hobbs, C., Lapsley, H., Tribe, K. (2010). Deinstitutionalization for Long-Term Mental Illness: An Ethnographic Study. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 34(3), 484-490. doi: 10.4067/027940489076861 Provan, K. G., Milward, H. B. (2015). A Preliminary Theory of Inter-organizational Network Effectiveness: A Comparative Study of Four Community Mental Health Systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(1), 1. doi: 10.2307/2393698 Quigley, A. (2011). Mental health. Detroit: Greenhaven Press Roberts, N. (2016). Mental health and mental illness. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; ew York, Humanities Press. Rosen, A. (2014). 100% Mabo: De-Colonising People with Mental Illness and their Families. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 15(3), 128-142. doi:10.1002/j.1467-8438.1994.tb01000.x Tolbert, P. S., Zucker, L. G. (2013). Institutional Sources of Change in the FormalStructure of Organizations: The Diffusion of Civil Service Reform, 1880-1935. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(1), 22. doi:10.2307/2392383 Whiteford, H. (2014). The Australian Health Ministers' Advisory Council (AHMAC) and the National Mental Health Reforms. Australasian Psychiatry, 2(3), 101-104. doi:10.3109/10398569409082056

Termite Lab free essay sample

The effect of pens on the Reticulitermes flavipes termite Abstract This experiment was constructed to determine which type of writing utensil the termites were most attracted to and why. The experiment was performed by placing two separate circles (one red papermate and one lead pencil) on a piece of paper to see what line is favored by the termite. The termite was placed on the lead pencil path first, and then on the red papermate pen path to count how many seconds the termite remained on or followed the pathway.The termite stayed on the red papermate line for a much more significant time than on the lead pencil line. â€Å"The presence of insect pheromones that chemically control the behavior of highly specialized social insect species has been well documented†¦The substance (pheromone), when streaked across the surface of a solid object, creates a trail following response in termite workers allowing them to follow the exact streak† (Tai, Matsumura, and Coppel, 1969). We will write a custom essay sample on Termite Lab or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This shows that the papermate pen contains the substance pheromone or something similar.Because of the pheromone the termite was able to follow the papermate pen marking much better than the lead pencil marking. Introduction Pheromone is any chemical substance released by an animal that serves to influence the physiology or behavior of other members of the same species. Red papermate pens let off this pheromone. This means that when the termite was placed on the papermate line there was already pheromone present, and every time the termite touched the line even more pheromone was let out which increases the chances of the termite following the red papermate line.The Tschinkel and Close article from 1972 supports this by saying â€Å"The trails are not polarized and there is a quantitative relation between the number of termites laying the trail and the fraction of test the termites with follow correctly. Workers reinforce the trails†¦Ã¢â‚¬  On another note the lead pencil wh ich does not give off the pheromone is less likely to be found or even followed by the termites. In this study the amount of time the Reticulitermes flavipes stayed on the red papermate line was directly compared to the amount of time the termite stayed on the lead pencil line, to see which line the termite was most attracted too.Before doing the actual experiment using several different colors and brands of pens, markers, and pencils circles were drawn on a piece of white computer paper to see how the Rericulitermes flavipes termites would react to all the different colors and textures. Even though this had nothing to do with the actual experiment it still opened eyes to the point of the actual experiment, which was finding of whether the termite was more captivated by the red papermate pen or the lead pencil.Everything above supports the hypothesis that the Rericulitermes flavipes termite will follow the red papermate pen, which gives off a pheromone, and will not follow the lead pencil, which doesn’t give off a pheromone. Methods Using seven (7) different pens and mak ers, all of different brands and colors, there were several circles, or paths drawn on a plain printer ready white sheet of paper. Once all the markings had been placed on the paper a Reticulitermes flavipes termite was placed on a path to see if it would follow the line created with the pen or marker.Each time the termite was centered on the paper it headed directly toward the red papermate pen path. These sequences were repeated 6 times and every time the termite would do the exact same things as the first time, search for the red pen marking. Next a plain piece of paper was placed and the only thing drawn on it was one circle with a lead pencil and one circle with a red papermate pen. During each of five (5) trials a different Reticulitermes flavipes was used.In the course of the first trial the termite was placed on the red papermate pen path, timing the termite with a stop watch, the insect stayed on the path for the complete thirty seconds. Then the same termite was placed on the pencil path, and stayed for a total of zero seconds. During the second trial a new termite was placed on the red papermate pen line it also stayed on the path for the maximum thirty seconds. Later the same termite was placed on the lead pencil path and reacted just like the first termite, walked away from the pencil path. It was very odd that during the third trial the termite did react to the lead pencil circle for 10 (ten) seconds, meaning it followed the path of the pencil for that time. In the fourth and fifth trial the termite did the same thing as the first and second termites they followed only the red papermate pen path and walked away from the lead pencil circle. Results The table below shows all the results from the experiment and even some extra information. The table displays the mean of the times the termites stayed on the pencil and papermate circles.